1. (botany) a plant lasting for three seasons or more

1. lasting three seasons or more;

   "the common buttercup is a popular perennial plant"
   

2. lasting an indefinitely long time; suggesting self-renewal;

   "perennial happiness"
   

3. recurring again and again;

   "perennial efforts to stipulate the requirements"
   

1.（尤指问题或困难）永恒的，持续的，亘古不变的
You useperennial to describe situations or states that keep occurring or which seem to exist all the time; used especially to describe problems or difficulties.

e.g. ...theperennial urban problems of drugs and homelessness...
毒品和无家可归这两个一直困扰城市的问题
e.g. There's aperennial shortage of teachers with science qualifications.
有理科教学资格的老师一直都很短缺。

2.（植物）多年生的
Aperennial plant lives for several years and has flowers each year.

e.g. ...aperennial herb with greenish-yellow flowers.
开绿黄色花的多年生香草

1. 多年生：按照草的生长期限又分为多年生(perennial)和一年生(Annual)以及两年生等. 另外,在冬季以及对于棚养的奶牛和小牛,大麦、干草、青贮发酵饲料(silage)、麸皮(cash crop waste)、乳清(whey,制作奶赂的副产品)等也是饲料.

2. 常年性：临床上一般分为常年性(perennial)尽信书不如无书但临床表现与上述两型变应性鼻炎相似,称血管运动性鼻炎或称神经反射性鼻炎,刺激可来自体外(物理、化学方面),或来自体内(内分泌、精神方面),故有人看作即是变应性鼻炎,

3. 永久的：peremptory 绝对,强制的 |perennial 永久的 | perfect 无缺点,全然的; 改进,完成

4. perennial什么意思

4. 长期的：turnaround转变 |perennial长期的 | lavish浪费的,滥用的