1. [C]褶裥花边 a ruff,collar,ring,or border made of cloth,that is gathered or pleated on one edge

1. vt. 弄皱，弄乱 spread and shake sth,such as feathers or fur,and make them uneven,not smooth
2. vt. 激怒，扰乱 annoy sb;upset or anger

1. a strip of pleated material used as a decoration or a trim

2. a high tight collar

3. a noisy fight

1. stir up (water) so as to form ripples

2. trouble or vex;

   "ruffle somebody's composure"
   

3. to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others;

   "He struts around like a rooster in a hen house"
   

4. discompose;

   "This play is going to ruffle some people"
   "She has a way of ruffling feathers among her colleagues"
   

5. twitch or flutter;

   "the paper flicked"
   

6. mix so as to make a random order or arrangement;

   "shuffle the cards"
   

7. erect or fluff up;

   "the bird ruffled its feathers"
   

8. disturb the smoothness of;

   "ruffle the surface of the water"
   

9. pleat or gather into a ruffle;

   "ruffle the curtain fabric"
   

1.（为表示喜爱）抚弄(他人头发)
If youruffle someone's hair, you move your hand backwards and forwards through it as a way of showing your affection towards them.

e.g. 'Don't let that get you down,' he said ruffling Ben's dark curls.
“不要为那个感到沮丧，”他一边说，一边抚弄着本乌黑的卷发。

2.吹皱;使泛起涟漪;使起伏不平
When the windruffles something such as the surface of the sea, it causes it to move gently in a wave-like motion.

e.g. The evening breeze ruffled the pond...
晚风吹皱了池水。
e.g. A gust of breeze moved down the hillside, ruffling the grass.
一阵微风吹下山坡，使青草如波浪起伏。

3.使惊慌;使失去信心;激怒;使沮丧
If somethingruffles someone, it causes them to panic and lose their confidence or to become angry or upset.

ruffle的近义词

e.g. I could tell that my refusal to allow him toruffle me infuriated him.
我能看出，我不吃他那一套让他很恼火。
e.g. Nothing couldruffle the perfect composure with which she casually greets members of staff.
什么都不能扰乱她随意地和员工打招呼时流露出的那种镇定自若。

4.(鸟类)竖起(羽毛)
If a birdruffles its feathers or if its feathersruffle, they stand out on its body, for example when it is cleaning itself or when it is frightened.

e.g. Tame birds, when approached, will stretch out their necks andruffle their neck feathering...
驯养的鸟儿在有人靠近时会伸长脖子，竖起颈羽。
e.g. Its body plumage suddenly began toruffle and swell.
它全身的羽毛突然竖了起来，胀得鼓鼓的。

5.（衣服领口、袖口等处的）褶边，褶饰，花边
ruffles are folds of cloth at the neck or the ends of the arms of a piece of clothing, or are sometimes sewn on things as a decoration.

ruffle在线翻译

e.g. ...a white blouse with ruffles at the neck and cuffs.
领口和袖口带有褶边的白色上衣

6.激怒;使紧张;使沮丧
Toruffle someone'sfeathers means to cause them to become very angry, nervous, or upset.

e.g. His direct, often abrasive approach will doubtlessruffle a few feathers...
他那直截了当、往往还粗鲁生硬的办事方式无疑会激怒一些人。
e.g. Politicians are usually careful not toruffle the feathers of their constituents.
政治家们通常都很小心，避免激怒了他们的选民。

1. 皱褶：在细胞表面还有一种扁形突起,称为皱褶(ruffle)或片足(lamellipodia). 皱褶在形态上不同于微绒毛,它宽而扁,宽度不等,厚度与微绒毛直径相等,约0.1μm,高达几微米. 在巨噬细胞的表面上,普遍存在着皱褶结构,与吞噬颗粒物质有关.

2. 荷叶边：店铺网络已发展至全球,并更开设女装X-Girl系列,成为板界时装的追捧对象. 背景介绍:Vert Dense的品牌风格一向以浪漫为主,着重于为时尚女性展现其迷人魅力,设计又多以蝴蝶结(Bow)及荷叶边(ruffle)作点缀,尽显女性的娇柔美.

3.

3. 大皱边：frill 小绉边褶 |ruffle 大皱边 | regular 规则的